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1.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 127(5): 511-3, mayo 1999.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-243923

ABSTRACT

There is a group of genetic alterations that are phenotypically related to mineralocorticoid hypertension. They include, among others, some forms of primary hyperaldosteronism and of hyporeninemic aldosteronism that can be specifically treated, thus becoming secondary forms of hypertension. These could account for 10 to 15 percent of cases of essential hypertension, but more studies are required to accept these figures. The screening for these forms of hypertension should be done measuring aldosterone levels and plasma renin activity. An aldosterone/plasma renin activity ratio over 25 should lead to the suspicion of the disease. However, the cost effectiveness of the widespread measurement of these parameters would be very low. Therefore it is mandatory to determine the epidemiological features of these diseases to perform a selective screening among subjects with essential hypertension


Subject(s)
Humans , Hyperaldosteronism/complications , Mineralocorticoids/metabolism , Hypertension/etiology , Renin-Angiotensin System , Aldosterone/blood , Aldosterone , Hyperaldosteronism/diagnosis , Hyperaldosteronism/physiopathology , Mineralocorticoids
2.
Rev. bras. hipertens ; 4(4): 214-20, out.-dez. 1997. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-260682

ABSTRACT

A hipertensão arterial é uma doença poligênica com grande heterogeneidade e que sofre influências importantes de fatores ambientais para a manifestação do fenótipo. Recentemente, com o advento das técnicas de biologia molecular e abordagens de genética molecular. Tornou-se possível iniciar a investigação sistemática dos determinantes primários da hipertensão arterial essencial. Existem exemplos de sucesso na identificação dos defeitos primários responsáveis pela gênese de três formas raras de hipertensão arterial mendelianas ou dependentes de defeito único para a manifestação do fenótipo. Nesses três casos, o aumento da pressão arterial é secundário ao aumento de reabsorção de sal e água pelo rim. A utilização dessas técnicas está permitindo também que progressos importantes sejam feitos na compreensão dos mecanismos moleculares que participam dos sistemas de controle da pressão arterial. Acredita-se que, por meio da abordagem multidisciplinar utilizando-se modelos experimentais e populações humanas, seja possível, num futuro próximo, a identificação dos determinantes primários da hipertensão arterial essencial. Isso propiciará a identificação precoce de indivíduos afetados e a oportunidade de intervenção pré-clínica, ou o desenvolvimento de terapêutica eficaz na causa primária com redução das altas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade associadas à doença.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hypertension/genetics , Chromosome Mapping , Hyperaldosteronism/genetics , Mineralocorticoids/genetics , Mineralocorticoids/metabolism , Renin-Angiotensin System/physiology , Syndrome
3.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 25(12): 1153-62, 1992. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-134494

ABSTRACT

Adrenocortical hormone effects in the central nervous system depend on steroid interaction with intracellular receptors, which belong to a superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors. Using a combination of biochemical and molecular biology techniques, we have demonstrated: 1. the localization of mineralocorticoid receptors in the brain, with highest density present in hippocampus, lateral septum and some amygdaloid nuclei; 2. the arousal of a mineralocorticoid-specific behavior such as salt appetite, coincident with inhibition of the biosynthesis/activity of (Na+K)ATPase in some amygdaloid and hypothalamic nuclei; 3. the modulation of the biosynthesis/activity of the sodium pump by glucocorticoids, although for these hormones changes are stimulatory, as shown in the spinal cord and brain; 4. the reported steroid effects on the (Na+K)ATPase constitute an important mechanism of control of nervous system function, involving behavior, changes in excitability and neurotropism


Subject(s)
Animals , Appetite Regulation/physiology , Brain/physiology , Mineralocorticoids/metabolism , Sodium Chloride, Dietary/metabolism , Appetite Regulation/drug effects , Brain/drug effects , Glucocorticoids/pharmacology , Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/drug effects , Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase/metabolism , Rats , Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/drug effects , Receptors, Mineralocorticoid/metabolism
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